Carriage return



Jan. 5, 1937.- J. F. KocA I -CARRIAGE RETURN Filed March 2, 193s 5 sheets-sheet 2 J. F. KOCA CARRIAGE RETURN Filed March 2 Jan. 5, 1937.'

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 5 Sheets-Sheetl 4 J. F. Koc'A CARRIAGE RETURN Filed March 2, 1955 Jan. 5, 1937.

J. F. KOCA- CARRIAGE RETURN Jan; 5, 19,37.

FiledMarch 2, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 @NNI um. ww m.. mm Mmm@ f Zinke/Z757? I www-afvroeg Patented Jan. 5.. 1937 PATENT QFFIE" CARRIAGE James F. Koca, Woodstock, Ill., assgnor tovwoodstock Typewriter Company, Woodstock, Ill., a l

corporation or Illinois Application March a rese.' sensi No. ssassz 11 claims. (on. iev-me) This invention relates to typewriters and particularly to electrically operated carriage return mechanism. More speciflcaily the invention relates to an electric carriage return for electrically operated typewriters.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide new and ,improved means for electrically returning the carriage to marginal position by the pressing of a single key lever.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel carriage return mechanism for returning the carriage and advancing the line spacing by rotation of the platen, all of which occurs automatically upon the pressing of a single key lever.

A further object is to provide simple, efficient, and positive operating mechanism for returning the carriage and line spacing the platen.

A still further objectis to provide a new and novel arrangementI of parts, including clutch mechanism and means connected to the line space lever for returning the carriage and moving the platen to line spaced position in a continuous operation by the manual manipulation of a single key lever.

Numerous other objects and advantages will be apparent throughout the progress of the following speciflcation.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a selected embodimentoi the invention and the views therein are as follows:

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of the right side of an electric typewriter, and embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a detail rear elevation partly in section.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation ci the left side of the typewriter. y N# Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view on the line t-t Qf mg. 2.'

Fig. 4A is anfenlarged detail view of someoi the mechanism shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a detail plan section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a detail planvsection similar to Fig. 5 but on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 'I is a detail plan view partly in section looking in the direction of the arrows l-l of Fig. 2. f l

Fig. 8 is a detail end elevation of some of the parts shown .in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of a clutch driving member. Y ,y

The typewriter to which the invention pertains has a frame 'i0 which supports the front and rear carriage rails It and i2 respectively, Figi. 4,-upon whichthe carriage i3 is slidingly supported. The 'g particular typewriter herein shown is a Woodstock typewriter and, in general, the parts including the frame; type bars, platen, hand carriage return and others are standard with 'Wood- 5 stock machines and the various parts will not be described' except in commotion with those required for electrically operating the carriage.

The typewriter has a platen id, which is supported on the carriage i3, and may be manually 10 operated by a line space lever l5 which is pivotally mounted on a part it of the carriage frame as indicated at i1, Figs. 3, 7 and 8. Thislever isv for the purpose of returning the carriage manually, as weil as rotating a. ratchet wheel it xed 15 to the platen it, Figs. 'l and 8, to line space the platen. A pawl i9 is operatively connected to the ylever l5 to'rotate the ratchet wheel i3 upon manipulation of the lever, in the usual conventional manner. The usualtabulator mechanism operated by a tabulator key not shown, but which is conventional on Woodstock typewriters, is employed for the usual purpose of shifting the carriage to the left, cooperating with certain tabu- .lator stops on a tabulator bar. The construction g5 and arrangement of the tabulator mechanism` used in connection with the present typewriter is also conventional(` with Woodstock typewriters and constitutes no part of the present invention. However, in applcants copending application, 30 Serial No. 659,334,- led. concurrently herewith, there is shown tabulator mechanism which is electrically operated and'controlled.

A motor 20 is connected to the frame lll and drives a pulley 2i fastened on a shaft 22. v.il pulg' g5 ley 23 on the shaft 22 drives a pulley it on the drive shaft 25' through the intermediary of a belt 36. 'I'he drive shaft 2t is engaged by actuator levers to move the type bars 2lir toimpression position when the key levers 2t are depressed.

A key lever 29, to operate the carriage return mechanism upon depression of a key 38, is pivoted to a part of the frame as indicated .at 3i.

This key lever 2t has a ragid extension or tail piece 32 which is pivoted at .33 tp an adjustable link 3d which has fits free end vpiloted to an arm :it as indicated at 36, Fig. 3. A spring 3l is iastened to the link 3i and to a bracket fastened to the frame of the typewriter toA pull the link thi to the left, Figs. 3 and 4, and consequently hold the key lever 29 in up ornormaloperating position. The upper end of the arm Slt is iixed to a' rock shaft 3e, and oscillates about its airis upon upward' or downward movement of the key lever. The rock shaft 38 is journaled in brackets t@ and 40, Figs. 4 and 5. An arm`4| is xed to the rock shaft 38 and carries a pawl 42 which is pivoted thereto as indicated at 43. A spring 44 holds the pawl 42 in a predetermined position and urges the pawl downwardly toward locked or latched position. An arm 45 on the pawl 42 limits the pivotal movement of the pawl relative to the armv4l. The pawl 42 engages an arm 46 of a bell-crank 41 which is pivoted at 48 to a base plate 49. A spring is connected to the arm 5| of the bell-crank 41 and urges the bell-crank so that the arm 46 will be normally held against the pawl 42. Upon depression of the key lever 29, the rock shaft 38 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction. This movement causes thelatch or pawl 42 to swing the bell-crank 41 in a clockwise direction. A tail-piece 52 on the pawl 42. during rocking movement of the shaft 38, engages a pin 53 on the bracket 40 and causes the pawl 42 to become released from the arm 46 of the bell-crank 41 after the bell-crank has been swung on its pivot a predetermined amount. The arm 5| of the bell-crank 41v has a pin and slot connection as indicated at 54 with an arm 55 of a latch member 56. The latch 56 is pivotally mounted on a stud shaft 51, being held by the spring 58 which normally urges the tail-piece of the latch 56 downwardly. A pin 59 engages a slot 68 and limits the rocking movement of the latch member 56.

A cam 6| is freely and revolubly mounted on the drive shaft 22 and carries a pawl 62 which is adapted for intermittent engagement with a pawl 63 on an arm 64 of the latch member 56. The pawl 62 is pivoted to the cam 6| as indicated at 65, there being a spring 66 on the tail-piece 61 of the pawl 62 to urge the pawl 62 in a predetermined direction and nor'mally into locked engagement with the pawl 63.

A ratchet 68 is xed to the shaft 22 and is adapted for complementary or locking engagement with a locking tooth 69 of the pawl 62. Therefore, upon depression of the key lever 29, the rock shaft 38 will cause the pawl 42 to pull the arm 46 and rotate the bell-crank 41 on its pivot 48 in a clockwise' direction and release the pawl 63 from the paWl62 and cause engagement of the locking tooth 69, with a ratchet on the member 68. This operation locks the cam 6| to the shaft 22 and causes the cam to rotate with the continuously rotating shaft 22. As the pawl 62 is xed to the cam 6|, the pawl 62 will rotate with the cam until the pawl 62 engages a projection 10 on a latch 1|. During the pressure on key lever 29 at the end of the stroke, the tail-piece 52 of the latch or pawl member 42 Will become engaged with the pin 53 causing the pawl 42 to become disengaged from the arm 46 of the bellcrank 41 and returning the parts to their original normal position. The cam 6|, therefore, will rotate with the shaft 22 approximately threequarters of a turn until the pawl 62 engages the projection 10 at which time the cam will come to rest by pulling the tooth 69 from engagement with the ratchet member 68. To assist in holding the cam in this latter position, a detent 12 having a dip or recess 13 is adaptedp for engagement with a pin or projection 14 on the cam 6|. This rotation of the cam operates mechanism for line spacing the platen and for returning the carriage. As soon as this latter operation is completed, the latch member 1| is operated to release the. pawl 62 from the projection 10 and the cam will again rotate and return the parts into locked position as shown in Fig. 4. .A second pin or projection 15 is carried by the cam 6| and engages the dip or recess 13 in the detent 12 for assisting in maintaining'the parts in their normal locked position as shown in Fig. 4.

An arm 16, fixed to a shaft 11, carries a cam follower 18 which rides on the periphery of the cam 6|. A spring 19 is fastened to the arm 16 to hold the cam follower against the periphery of the cam 6|. Therefore, when the cam follower 18 strikes the high part 80 of the cam 6|, the shaft 11 will be moved in a counter-clockwise position. This shaft is revolubly Amounted in supporting brackets or ears 8|, Fig. 5, and carries a clutch operating member 82, Figs. 5 and 6, for operating clutch mechanism 83.

Clutch operating mechanism The clutch operating member 82 comprises a xed bell-crank 84 having arms 85 and 66, Fig. 3. The arm 86 has a. lip 81 bent therefrom which is adapted to engage an arm 88 which is pivoted to the shaft 11, being normally held against the lip 81 by a spring 89 which is fastened to the arm as indicated' at 90, and which is fastened to a lip 9| bent from the arm 88. The arm 88, therefore, is resiliently connected to the bellcrank 84 by means of the spring 89. This construction provides a flexible connection between the two parts to provide a positive but flexible clutch operating means.

The clutch 83 is operated by a member 92 which has a pivotal engagement with the arm 88 as indicated at 93.

xed to the shaft 22v and constantly rotates therewith and for-ms a driving face for other parts of the clutch mechanism. The reel 94 is fixed to a member 91 which carries a coil spring 98 one end o f which is attached to the boss or journal 95. The member 95 is a stationary stud and the member 91 is freely mounted on the shaft 22. Therefore, there is somel tension on the spring at all times. The connection of the spring to the stud 95 and to the reel 91 is for the purpose of taking up the slack in the tape 96, particularly when the carriage is'operated by handwithout the use of the electrical mechanism for operating the carriage return. This connection has no bearing as far as the electrical operation of the machine is concerned.

The spring cannot become damaged because the rotation of the reel is limited by the movement of the carriage.` A driving member 99 is xed to the shaft 22 by means of a pin |00 passing through alined holes in the integral boss |0| on the driving member and through the shaft 22, Fig. 9. This driving member, therefore, has a driving connection with the shaft 22 and constantly rotates therewith, there being a friction disc freely mounted on the shaft and interposed between the member 91 and the driving member 99. A ball retainer |02 carrying circumferentially spaced balls I 03 is interposed between the driving member 99 and the clutch plate `|04. The member 92 includes a circular portion |05 which is arranged between the clutch plates |04 and |06 and is Vprovided with openings in which balls |01 are arranged. These balls |01 are adapted to nt' into the cooperating countersinks or sockets |08 andv |09 in the opposing faces of the clutch mem\ 75 posed between the arm H retainer ||0 having balls contacts with the outer face of vthe clutch plate |06, and an end thrust Abearing plate ||2 contacts withl the re:- tainer H0. Nuts ||3 are threaded on the end IM of the shaft 22. A pin H5 1S xed t0 theclutch plate |06 and enters a recess IIS in the clutch housing ||1. #The housing is fixed to the frame |0. Therefore, when the clutch operating mechanism 82 is operated lby movement of theshaft 11, the operating member 92 including the circular portion l |00, will be given'rotative movement and .spread vthe clutch plates |04 and |06 apart and frictionally lock the parts 91, the frictionv disc, and` part 99 between the clutch plate |04 and sleeve 4Sii" and cause these members to rotate with. the shaft 22. Therefore, when the key lever 29 is depressed, the cam 6|, will rotate with the shaft 22' and cause the arm 16 to rotate the shaft .11 'a partial turn causing the member 92 to operate the clutchmechanism 83 and positively wind thetape 96 on the reel 94.

Carriage return and Zine spacing The tape .90has one' end fixed to the reel 94 and 'itsv other end fixed to an arm ||0 which is pivotally supportedby the plate l0 as indicated at H9, Figs. 2 and 7. There is a spring |20 interand the free end |21 |23 and |24, there being supportinglips or fingers |25 adjacent the periphery of each roller to prefen..

- indicated at |00. The forward end Ml oi the; `link |39 is pivotally connected at`|2 to a. bell-'1* crank |43-and swings the bell-crank |43 on its vent the tape from falling off or slipping from the rollers or pulleys.

The coil spring 90 is tensioned suilicientlyto wind the' tape when the carriage is returned by hand, and normally tends to keep the tape sum ciently taut. A. link |26 is pivotally connected to the army i0 as indicated at |21 and pivotally connected to'an arm |28 as indicated at |29. '.'i'hev arm |28 has a fixed connection with the lever it as indicated at |30. Therefore, when the tape is being' wound", uponoperation ofthe clutch,'the varm llt will be pulled to the left, Fig. 7, move the lever i54 to rotate the platen and then pull the' carriage back to marginal position. Thus, when the key lever 29 is depressed, the cam will rotate a predetermined distance with the drive shaft "22 and operate the arm 1t, rock the shaft 11 `to cause operation of the clutch 83 which will windthe'tape Q Bfand cause Athe platen I4 to be rotated, and the carriage i3 to be shifted to marginal position.

. Clutch disengaeing means Means are required to cause disengagement' of the Vclutch at the proper time which is at the end of the carriage return. This clutch disen gagementmeans includes a stop 13|, Fig.,2, on the margin stop |32 which is adjustably mounted on the margin bar |33. The carriage |3, as lt is moved to return position and which carriesthe margin barv |33 and its stop |32, will engage the face |34 of the lever |35 and move the lever |35 in the same direction as the carriage is traveling. Thei engagement of the stop |31 with the lever |35' moves the lever '|35 a distance .lequalto the length ofthe slot |36, Figl'2, and moves the end isi of the lever ist to the left against the tension v-of the return spring ist. An adjustable link It@ is connected to the end |31 of the 'lever |35 as pivot |44 in-a clockwise direction causing the or in cases where the margin stop is positioned inwardly from \the end ofA the machine, a stop |40 may be fastened to a part of the carriage to engage the surface |30 of the lever |35 to release the clutch mechanism Therefore, the arm |46 performs theV same function as the 'member |05 onthe margin stop |32.

Operetten The operation 'of the` `iieirise is as follows:A When the key 30 is depreseii'jn operate the key lever 29. the adjustable lihk u will be moved to the right, Fig. 3, causing .the shaft 30 lto rock and permit the arm 00 of the bell-crank 41 to move in a clockwise direction, to the right, Fig. 4, when theV pawl 42 will become released from the end ofthe arm46. As soon as'the arm 46 is `released from the pawl 42, the pawl 62 will be released from the pawl v|i3v and the latching end 60 of the pawl 62 will be engaged by a tooth of the rotating ratchet 68. TheY camL therefore, will be locked to theshaft 22 and rotate with the shaft. However, as soon as the pawl 62 reaches a predetermined position, it will become engaged with the prbjectionf on the latch member 1| and 7release the latchlng end 69 from a tooth on the ratchet member. Therefore, the cam will no longer rotate with the shaft 22. During rotation of the pcam 6|, the cam follower 10 will cause the arm 16 to give the shaft 11 a part turn. The shaft 11 operates the clutch operating mechanism 33 which, through the member 02 and its associated piece |05, will operate the clutch 83 causing the tape 96 to wind on the reel 94, line space the platen, and return the carriage to initial marginal position. At the end of the marginal position of the carriage, either stop iti or |46 willengage the face |30 on the lever |35, rock the 'member |03 and cause the member |40 to move the latch 1| and release the pawl 62 from the projection 10. As soon as the latch 1| is moved, the latching end 00 of the pawl 02 will again become engaged with a tooth on the ratchet member and vagain cause revoluble movement of the cam until the pawl 01 will engage the pawl 63 at which time the parts ating mechanism permits-'the devices and parts constituting the inventionl to be timed to the best practical advantage without v'paying any attention or heed to the operation of the` drive shaft which operates thetype bars and, therefore, operates the type bar action from the carriage op erating mechanism.

Changes may be made in the form, construc-a tion, and arrangement of the parts without deprovides eilicient, positively opparting from the spirit of the invention or sacricing any of its advantages, and the right is hereby reserved to make all such changes as fairly fall within the scope of the following claims.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

1. In an electnc l typewriter, a power drive shaft, a cam freely mounted on the shaft, a carriage return Akey lever, mechanism controlled by the key lever for locking the cam to the drive shaft when the key'lever is depressed, a clutch on the shaft, means operated by the cam for locking the clutch to the shaft during depression of the key lever, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, a lever carried by the carriage and' cooperating with the platen to line space the platen and return the carriage, a reel carried by the clutch and controlled thereby, a tape member fastened to the reel and to the lever and operating the carriage and platen when the key lever is depressed, and. a spring cooperating with the reel to take up slack in the tape.

2. In an electric typewriter,apower drive shaft, a cam lfreely mounted on the shaft, a carriage return key lever, mechanism controlled by the key lever for locking the cam to the drive shaft when the key lever is depressed, a clutch on the shaft, means operated by the cam for locking the clutch to the shaft during depression of the key lever, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, a lever carried by the carriageand cooperating with the platen to line space the platen and return the carriage, a reel carried by the clutch and controlled thereby, a tape member fastened to the reel and to the lever and operating the carriage and platen when the key lever is depressed, a spring cooperating with the reel to take up slack in the tape, and means for returning the parts to initial position after ,the platen has been line spaced and the carriage returned.

3. In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a.clutch member adaptedk to be driven by the shaft, a carriage adapted to be operated by said clutc" member, means for normally holding the clutch member out of operative engagement with the shaft, a cam freely'mounted on said shaft, a key lever, means controlled by the operation of the key lever to lock the cam to the shaft, means for unlocking the cam from the shaft when the cam has rotated part of a revolution, and means controlled by the cam when it has traveled 'said part revolution to cause the clutch member to be driven by the shaft whereby to operate said carriage to marginal position,

means controlled by the carriage when it has moved to marginal position to cause the cam to be again locked with the shaft and rotate therewith a partial turn to initial position, and

means for unlocking the cam from the shaft .when the cam has returned to initial position.

4. In an electric typewriter, the combination of a shaft means for driving said shaft, a clutch member adapted to be driven by said shaft, a carriage adapted'to be operated by said clutch member, means for normally holding the clutch member out of operative driving relation with said shaft, an instrumentality mounted on said shaft, a key lever,- means controlled by the operation of the key lever to lock said instrumentality to the shaft, means for unlocking the instrumentality from said shaft when the instrumentality has rotated a part revolution, means controlled by the instrumentality when it has traveled said part revolution to cause the clutch member to be driven by the shaft whereby to operate the carriage to marginal position, and means controlled by the carriage when it has moved to marginal position to cause the instrumentality to again be locked with the shaft and rotate therewith a partial turn to initial position.

5. Inan electric typewriter, the combination of a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a clutch member adapted to be driven by said shaft, a carriage adapted to be operated by said clutch member, means for normally holding the clutch member out of operative driving relation with said shaft, an instrumentality mounted on said shaft, a key lever, means controlled by the operation of the key lever to lock said instrumentality to the shaft, means for unlocking the instrumentality from said shaft when the instru- 4mentality has rotated a part revolution, means controlled by the instrumentality when itl has traveled said part revolution to cause the clutchl member to be driven by the shaft whereby tov operate the carriage to marginal position, means controlled by the carriage when it has moved to marginal position to cause the instrumentality to again be locked with the shaft and rotate therewith a partial turn to initial position, and means for unlocking said instrumentality from the shaft when said instrumentality has returned to initial position.

6. In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a first clutch member, a key lever, means controlled by the key lever for operatively connecting the drive shaft with the first clutch memberwhereby to cause the drive shaft to drive said first clutch member, a second clutch member, means controlled by the rst clutch member to cause the second clutch member to be kdriven by the shaft, a carriage, means for laterally shifting and line spacing the carriage driven by said second clutch member, and means controlledfby the carriage as it is shifted to a predetermined position for further controlling the operative connection of the first clutch member' with the drive shaft.

7. In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a first clutch member, a key lever, means controlled by the key lever for causing the drive shaft to drive said first clutch member, means for automatically disconnecting said first clutch member from the shaft after the clutch member has been driven a predetermined distance, a secf ond clutch member, means controlled by the first clutch member, to cause the second clutch member to be driven by the shaft, a carriage, means for laterally shifting and line spacing the carriage driven by said second clutch member, and means controlled by the carriage as it is shifted to a predetermined position for causing the first clutch member to be driven a further predetermined dstance by said shaft.

8. In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a cam freely mounted on the shaft, a carriage return key lever, mechanism operated by the key lever upon depression thereof for locking the cam to the drive shaft during a predetermined increment of rotation of the shaft whereby to cause the cam to experience a predetermined increment of rotation, a clutch adapted to be driven from said shaft, means operated by the cam upon said increment of rotation for causing the clutch to be driven by-said shaft, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, and a lever 4carried by the carriage and controlled the key lever upon depression thereof for lock' ing the cam to the drive shaft during a predetermined increment of rotation of the shaft whereby to cause the cam to experience a predetermined increment of rotation, a clutch adapted to be driven from said shaft, means operated by the cam upon said increment of rotation forl causing the clutch to be driven by said shaft, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, and a lever carried by the carriage and controlled by the clutch to line-space the platen and return the carriage, and means for returning the parts to initial position after the platen has been linespaced and the carriage returned.

10. In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a cam freely mounted on the shaft, a carriage return key lever, mechanism operated by the key lever vupon depression thereof for locking the cam to the drive shaft during a predetcrmined partial increment of rotation of the shaft, whereby to cause the cam to experience a predetermined partial increment of rotation, a

clutch adapted to be driven from said shaft,

means operated by the cam upon said partial increment of rotation for causing the clutch to be driven by said shaft, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, and a lever carried by the carriage and controlled by the clutch to linespace the platen and return the carriage, and means for completing the rotation of the cam and for returning the parts to initial position after the platen has been line-spaced and the carriage returned.

11.In an electric typewriter, a power drive shaft, a cam freely mounted on the shaft, a carriage return key lever, mechanism operated by the key lever upon depression thereof for locking the cam to the drive shaft during a prede' termined increment of rotation of the shaft, whereby to cause the cam to experience a predetermined increment of rotation, a clutch having a friction plate fixed to said shaft and a cooperating friction plate loosely mounted on said shaft, means for engaging said friction plates, means operated by the cam upon said increment of rotation for causing the operation of saidY engaging means, a carriage, a platen carried by the carriage, and a lever carried by the carriage and controlled by the clutch upon operation of the engaging means to line-space the platen and return the carriage.

JAMES F. KOCA. 

